Authors
- Khilkhanov Dorji Lvovich Doctor of Sociology, full professor
Annotation
The phenomenon of the Other is the basic basis for the formation of a collective identity. Self-identification I inevitably consists of various elements of other cultures. Other is the most important factor in the formation of cultural identity. Without a meaningful Other there is no complete I. At its core, the attitude towards immigrants is
one of the clearest expressions of the cultural and social distance between the Self/Other. In the conditions of the information society, the phenomenon of the Other undergoes transformation processes, therefore, the study of its main markers in modern conditions is an urgent task for us. As a methodological basis, a systematic approach was used to analyze the markers of the cultural border with immigrants as representatives of the collective Other. The results of the World Values Survey (WVS) for Russia for 2017–2020 were analyzed (7 wave). As the WVS study shows, in Russian society there is a fairly tolerant attitude towards speakers of other languages and religions at the level of neighborly everyday communication. This means that language and religion cease to be the main components that distinguish the Other, while in the real virtuality the meaning of the Other is preserved, since the level of trust in him remains low in more than half of the cases. It can be noted that today, such images of the Other come to the fore, which are not made up of historically determined cultural features, such as language and religion, but are constructed on the basis of the alleged negative consequences attributed to them of possible potential damage to society. These images are constructed primarily in the mass media and social networks as the basis of the information society. They present immigrants as homogeneous groups, attributing to all of them, without exception, possible negative behavior patterns. During the crisis caused by modernization, the phenomenon of the Other in Russia is transformed and supplemented by new constructed images in order to maintain the necessary cultural distance.
How to link insert
Khilkhanov, D. L. (2023). THE PHENOMENON OF THE OTHER IN MODERN CONDITIONS Bulletin of the Moscow City Pedagogical University. Series "Pedagogy and Psychology", 2023, № 2 (46), 47. https://doi.org/10.25688/2078-9238.2023.46.2.4
References
1.
1. Bart, F. (Ed.). (2006). Etnicheskie gruppy i social`nye granicy: Social`naya organizaciya kul`turnyh razlichij [Ethnic groups and social boundaries: social organization of cultural differences] (translated from English by I. Pilshchikov). Moscow: New Publishing House. 200 p. (In Russian).
2. Zhukotskaya, A. V. (2022). “Dialog kul`tur” i “kul`tura dialoga” — o vzaimnykh garantiiakh i defitsitakh [“Dialogue of cultures” and “culture of dialogue” — about mutual guarantees and deficits]. Dialog kul`tur. Kul`tura dialoga: cifrovy`e kommunikacii [Dialogue of Cultures. Culture of dialogue: Digital communications]. Materials of the Third International Scientific and Practical Conference, Moscow, March 29 – April 02, 2022 (editorial board: L. G. Vikulova (responsible editor) [et al.]) (pp. 124–130). Moscow: Yazyki Narodov Mira. (In Russian).
3. Inglkhart, R., & Vel`tsel` K. (2011). Modernizatsiia, kul`turnye izmeneniia i demokratiia: Posledovatel`nost` chelovecheskogo razvitiia [Modernization, cultural changes and democracy: the sequence of human development]. Moscow: New Publishing House. 464 p. (In Russian).
4. Castells, M. (2000). Informatsionnaia epokha: ekonomika, obshchestvo i kul`tura [The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture] (translated from English; under the scientific editorship of O. I. Shkaratan). Moscow: Higher School of Economics. 608 p. (In Russian).
5. Kozhevnikova, M. N. (2021). Znachenie Drugogo v kontekste filosofsko-antropologicheskikh osnovanii obrazovaniia [The significance of the other in the context of the philosophical and anthropological foundations of education]. Bulletin of the Perm University. Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology, 1, 73–86. (In Russian). http://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2021-1-73-86
6. Libera, A. (2021). Ot struktury k rizome: transdistsiplinarnost` vo frantsuzskoi filosofii. Sub”ekt re-/detsentrirovanny [From structure to rhizom: transdisciplinary in French philosophy. The subject of re-/decentered]. Logos, 31, 3, 123–148. (In Russian). http://doi.org/10.22394/0869-5377-2021-3-123-145.
7. Noimann, I. (2004). Ispol`zovanie “Drugogo”: obrazy Vostoka v formirovanii evropeiskikh identichnostei [The use of “other”: images of the East in the formation of European identities] (translated from English by V. B. Litvinov, & I. A. Pilshchikova; preface by A. I. Miller. Moscow: New Publishing House. 336 p. (In Russian).
8. Turarbekova, L. V., Kanagatova, A. M., Saparova, D. R., & Edil`baeva, S. Zh. (2022). “Pokolenie Ia-Pokolenie My”: Paradoksy prefigurativnoi kul`tury na postsovetskom prostranstve [“Generation of I-Poking We”: paradoxes of prefigurative culture in the post-Soviet space]. Bulletin of ENU named after L. Gumilyov series: Historical sciences. Philosophy. Religious Science, 139, 2, 168–188. (In Russian). http://doi.org/10.32523/2616-7255-2022-139-2-168-18-18
9. Khantington, S. (2016). Stolknovenie tsivilizatsii [Clash of civilizations] (translated from English by T. Velmeyev. Moscow: AST Publishing House. 640 p. (In Russian).
10. Khilkhanov, D. L., & Khilkhanova, E. V. (2021). Fenomen kul`turnoi distantsii v sovremennykh usloviiakh (iazykovye i religioznye factory) [The phenomenon of cultural distance in modern conditions (linguistic and religious factors)]. Bulletin of the Moscow State Pedagogical University. Philosophical sciences, 3(39), 55–65. (In Russian). http://doi.org/10.25688/2078-9238.2021.39.3.06
11. Khilkhanova, E. V., & Khilkhanov D. L. (2020). Etnokul`turnaia identichnost` migrantov iz vostochnykh regionov byvshego SSSR v svete teorii «stolknoveniia kul`tur» [Ethnocultural identity of migrants from the eastern regions of the former USSR in the light of the theory of “clash of cultures”]. Polylinguality and transcultural practices, 17, 1, 31–38. (In Russian). http://doi.org/10.22363/2618-897X-2020-17-1-31-38
12. Castells, M. (2018). Rupture: The Crisis of Liberal Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press. 176 p.
13. Castells, M., Bouin, O., Caraça, J., Cardoso, G., Thompson, J. B., & Wieviorka, M. (Eds) (2018a). Europe`s Crises. Cambridge: Polity Press. 476 p.
14. Deleuze G., & Guattari F. (1976). Rhizome. Introduction. Paris: Les Éditions de Minuit. 74 p.
15. Fishman, J. A. (1991). Reversing Language Shift: Theoretical and Empirical Foundations of Assistance to Threatened Languages. England: Multilingual Matters. 413 p.
16. Gedeshi, I., Zulehner, P. M., Rotman, D., Titarenko, L., Billiet, J., Dobbelaere, K., & Kerkhofs J. (2020). European Values Study Longitudinal Data File 1981–2008 (EVS 1981–2008). ZA4804 Datenfile Version 3.1.0. Köln: GESIS Datenarchiv. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4232/1.13486
17. Haerpfer, C., Inglehart, R., Moreno, A., Welzel, C., Kizilova, K., Diez-Medrano, J., Lagos, M., Norris, P., Ponarin, E., & Puranen B. (Eds). (2020). World Values Survey: Round Seven — Country-Pooled Datafile. Spain: Madrid; Austria: Vienna: JD Systems Institute & WVSA Secretariat. Retrieved from http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWV7.jsp
18. Inglehart, R., Haerpfer, C., Moreno, A., Welzel, C., Kizilova, K., Diez-Medrano, J. Lagos, M., Norris, P., Ponarin E., & Puranen B. et al. (Eds). (2014). World Values Survey: All Rounds — Country-Pooled Datafile Version. Madrid: JD Systems Institute. Retrieved from https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWVL.jsp
19. Inglеhart, R. F. (2018). Cultural evolution: peoples motivations are changing, and reshaping the world. Cambridge University Press. 288 p. http://doi.org/10.1017/9781108613880
20. Khilkhanova, E. (2021). Language ideologies and multilingual practices of postsoviet migrants in western europe from a translanguaging perspective. Balcania et Slavia. Studi linguistici | Studies in linguistics, 1, 1, 01–30. http://doi.org/10.30687/BES/0/2021/01/000
21. The World Value Survey (1996). The Inglehart-Welzel World Cultural Map. World Values Survey 4. Retrieved from http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/
22. The World Value Survey (2020). The Inglehart-Welzel World Cultural Map. World Values Survey 7. Retrieved from http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/