Authors
- Danilova Vera Sofronovna Doctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor
- Kozhevnikov Nikolay Nikolaevich Doctor of Philosophy
Annotation
The relevance is due to the scientific mission of the modern university and the wide prevalence of the course under consideration. The main goal and objectives of this article and the corresponding course are to show that the development of the methodology of science can only be carried out in close connection with philosophy. The first stage of the course includes an analysis of the initial concepts characterizing the scientific method and methodology, the criteria for the scientific nature of knowledge, as well as the accompanying terms and concepts. Much attention is paid to the classification of methods of scientific knowledge divided into six groups. Three of them: philosophical, general logical and general scientific are considered in detail. Also analyzed is the evolution of scientific methods, due to the formation of rationality at the classical, non-classical, post-non-classical stages of the development of science. Universal scientific methods are considered in detail: systemic, ecology, biospheric and noospheric sciences, synergetics, informatics, cybernetic approaches. It is shown that the systemic and cybernetic approaches in modern science can be used within very limited limits. In the second stage, the methodology of scientific knowledge is considered from the point of view of empirical, theoretical and meta-theoretical levels of knowledge. It is shown that the methodological principles analyzed in the article are even more important for the philosophical and scientific justification of rational cognition: verifiability, falsifiability, observability, simplicity, correspondence, or continuity, invariance or symmetry, consistency or consistency. The main provisions and concepts of epistemology and ontology, also considered for the classical, non-classical and post-non-classical stages, complement them. In the third stage the methodology of scientific research is considered from the point of view of philosophy, as well as the universal philosophical methods that develop it: phenomenological, hermeneutic, as well as methods of semiotics. The significance of these methods is enormous; each of them is actively used in any modern philosophical direction.
How to link insert
Danilova, V. S. & Kozhevnikov, N. N. (2022). PHILOSOPHICAL BASIS OF THE COURSE “METHODOLOGY OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH” Bulletin of the Moscow City Pedagogical University. Series "Pedagogy and Psychology", 2022, №2 (42), 41. https://doi.org/10.25688/2078-9238.2022.42.2.04
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